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Lesson 37:Making a bookcase(做手架)

一:如何使用“一般将来时”?

“动词时态”的概念

什么是“时态”?
准确来说是动词的
动作发生的时间被称为“时”;动作发生的状态被称为“态”。
动词用来表示动作(情况)发生时间的各种形式称为时态。
在英语中,时态主要有“现在时(do),过去时(did)和将来时(willdo)”

过去(Past)   现在(Now)   将来(Future)
  | ------------ | ----------- |

“一般将来时”是站在现在(Now)来计划或打算未来(Future)需要做的事情,也就是“计划或打算”。

                 *------------->
过去(Past)   现在(Now)   将来(Future)
  | ------------ | ----------- |

语法:一般将来时的肯定句

结构:主语 + be动词[am/is/are] + going to do[v.动词原型](gonna do[v.动词原型][口语说法])

例子

①:He's going to shave.(他要去剃须。 | 彼は髭を剃るところです。)
②:He's going to open the window.(他要去打开窗户。 | 彼は窓を開けるところです。)
③:She's gonna wash the cup.(她要去洗茶杯。 | 彼女はティーカップを洗うところです。)

语法:一般将来时的否定句

结构:主语 + be动词[am/is/are] + not + going to do[v.动词原型](gonna do[v.动词原型][口语说法])

例子

①:I'm not going to clean the floor.(我不打算打扫地板。 | 床を掃除するつもりはない。)
②:I'm not going to make the bed.(我不去整理床铺。 | ベッドを整理するつもりはない。)
③:Smith is not gonna cook.(史密斯不去做饭。 | スミスさんは料理を作るつもりはない。)

语法:一般将来时的一般疑问句

结构:Be动词[Am/Is/Are] + 主语 + going to do[v.动词原型](gonna do[v.动词原型][口语说法])

例子

①:Is she going to swim?(她要去游泳吗? | 彼女は泳ぎに行くのか?)
②:Is he going to drink coffee?(他要喝咖啡吗? | 彼はコーヒーを飲むのか?)
③:Are you going to eat that?(你要把那个东西吃了吗? | あれを食べるか?)

语法:一般将来时的特殊疑问句

结构:What + be动词[am/is/are] + 主语 + going to do[v.动词原型](gonna do[v.动词原型][口语说法])

例子

①:What's she going to do? -- She's going to clean her teeth.
(她要去做什么? -- 她要去刷牙。 | 彼女は何をするつもりですか? -- 自分の歯をきれいにするつもりです。)
②:What's she going to do? -- She's going to read the book.
(她要去做什么? -- 她要去阅读书籍。 | 彼女は何をするつもりですか? -- 彼女は本を読むつもりです。)
③:What are you going to do? -- I'm gonna take your stick.
(你接下来要做什么? -- 我要把拿走你的棍子。 | 次は何をするつもり? -- あんたのステッキを持って行く。)


二:如何降低单词的使用错误率?

在学习一门外语的初期,需要多模仿,少创造

简单来说,就是自己在学习的时候对于没有看到过的句子句式,不要随便使用。

例子

make my homework [在英语当中没有此类说法]
do my homework(做作业)(√)

因此,如何降低使用错误率呢?有以下几点:

  1. 多模仿,少创造;
  2. 找自己学过的词。

三:该去哪里查找 v.(动词)?

就以目前我们所用的教材(新概念英语一册)为例,可以通过查找到“Lesson-37”章为止的任意动词。


四:如何表达“这是给你的”?(for sb.

This is for you.(这是给你的)

Who's it for?(这是给谁准备的?)

练习
  1. apple for you?
    ①:This apple for you.
    ②:Is this apple for you?
    ③:Who's this for?

  2. for my mother
    ①:This is for my mother.
    ②:Is this for your mother.
    ③:Who's this for?

单词

/wɜːk/
work  n.工作

/hænd/
hand  adv.努力地

/meɪk/
make  v.做

/ˈbʊk-keɪs/
bookcase  n.书柜

/ˈhæmə/
hammer  n.锤子

/peɪnt/
paint  v.粉刷

/pɪŋk/
pink  adv.粉红色的

/ˈfeɪvərɪt/
favourite  adv.最喜欢的

语法练习

一:通过仿照例句造句
例1:Look at Jack. - I'm looking at Jack.
①:Help the girl. - I'm helping the girl.
②:Make your book. - I'm making my book.
③:Do your homework. - I'm doing my homework.
例2:Put on your coats. - We're putting on our coats.
①:Take off your shoes. - We're taking off our shoes.
②:Come into the kitchen. - We're coming into the kitchen.
③:Look at the boats. - We're looking at the boats.

二:仿例句用给的词回答问题
例:
①:What are you going to do?(make a bookcase / paint it)
I'm going to make a bookcase. - Then I'm going to paint it.
②:What are you and Anna going to do?(cook a meal / eat it)
We're going to cook a meal. - Then we're going to eat it.

①:What are you going to do?(do my jomework / read a magazine)
I'm going to do my homework. - Then I'm going to read the magazine.
②:What are you and John going to do?(type some letters / empty the baskets)
We're going to type some letters. - Then we're going to empty the baskets.
③:What are you going to do?(sweep the floor / clean my father's car)
I'm going to sweep the floor. - Then I'm going to clean my father's car.
④:What are you and Marisa going to do?(read our books / write some letters)
We're going to read our books. - Then we're going to write some letters.